An Appraisal of Nurses' Knowledge of Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Yobe State Specialist Hospital
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Background of the Study
Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections, posing significant risks to patient safety and recovery. SSIs contribute to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher morbidity and mortality rates (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Effective prevention of SSIs involves adherence to infection control measures such as proper hand hygiene, aseptic surgical techniques, sterilization of instruments, and appropriate use of antibiotics (Brown et al., 2023).
Nurses play a critical role in SSI prevention by ensuring adherence to aseptic protocols before, during, and after surgery. However, studies have shown that gaps in knowledge, inadequate training, and poor compliance with infection control guidelines remain challenges in many healthcare facilities, particularly in resource-limited settings like Yobe State (Smith & Taylor, 2024). Given the increasing concern over antibiotic resistance and nosocomial infections, assessing nurses’ knowledge of SSI prevention is crucial to improving patient outcomes.
At Yobe State Specialist Hospital, where surgical procedures are frequently performed, the level of nurses' understanding of SSI prevention and their adherence to best practices remain unclear. This study seeks to evaluate nurses' knowledge, identify gaps in practice, and propose strategies for strengthening infection prevention measures in surgical settings.
Statement of the Problem
Despite advancements in surgical techniques and infection control measures, SSIs continue to be a major concern in healthcare. Research has indicated that insufficient knowledge and non-compliance with infection prevention protocols contribute to increased SSI rates (Johnson & Williams, 2024). In Nigeria, studies suggest that many nurses have limited access to continuous training on infection prevention, which negatively impacts their ability to manage SSIs effectively (Gonzalez et al., 2023).
Yobe State Specialist Hospital is a key healthcare facility handling various surgical procedures, yet there is limited data on the level of nurses' knowledge regarding SSI prevention. Without an adequate understanding of infection control measures, patients remain at risk of post-surgical complications. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by assessing nurses’ awareness and compliance with SSI prevention strategies.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses' knowledge of surgical site infection prevention at Yobe State Specialist Hospital.
- To examine nurses' adherence to standard infection prevention practices in surgical settings.
- To identify challenges affecting effective implementation of SSI prevention measures.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses' knowledge regarding SSI prevention?
- To what extent do nurses adhere to standard infection prevention practices?
- What factors hinder the effective prevention of SSIs among nurses?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at Yobe State Specialist Hospital have a high level of knowledge about SSI prevention.
- Nurses’ adherence to infection prevention practices significantly reduces the incidence of SSIs.
- Limited training and resource availability hinder effective SSI prevention among nurses.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on nurses at Yobe State Specialist Hospital who are directly involved in surgical procedures. It does not include surgeons or other healthcare professionals. Limitations may include variations in individual experiences and self-reported biases in knowledge assessment.
Definitions of Terms
- Surgical Site Infection (SSI): An infection occurring at or near a surgical incision site within 30 days of surgery.
- Aseptic technique: A method used to prevent contamination by harmful microorganisms during medical procedures.
- Nosocomial infection: An infection acquired in a hospital or healthcare facility.
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